下图展示了一个有趣的现象：在法国斗牛犬的图像上添加一小块对抗性补丁后，VGG分类器竟然以极高的置信度将其判定为足球。Grad-CAM可视化清楚地显示，模型的注意力完全从狗身上转移到了那块补丁——一个精心构造的小扰动就足以劫持整个决策过程。

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