1. Introduction -- 2. From Julius Caesar to simple substitution -- 3. Polyalphabetic systems -- 4. Jigsaw ciphers -- 5. Two-letter ciphers -- 6. Codes -- 7. Ciphers for spies -- 8. Producing random ...

Introduction: A revolutionary cipher -- Cryptology before 1500: a bit of magic -- The black chambers: 1500-1776 -- Crypto goes to war: the American Revolution -- Crypto goes to war: the American Civil ...

Cipher Pharmaceuticals, Inc. engages in a diversified portfolio of commercial and early to late-stage products. It acquires products that fulfill unmet medical needs, manages the required clinical ...

The mystery serial killer would claim the lives of at least five victims and was in the midst of his protracted cat-and-mouse game with police and the media. He had at that stage attacked two young ...

“We’re just trying to find the best companies we can based on factors such as return on invested capital, earnings growth and ...