Printed-circuit boards used to be works of art, and the PCB designer was an artist as well as a technician. Components had many different shapes, sizes, and colors, and the traces connecting them were ...

What methods can be applied to verify PCB functionality and safety? Which are suitable for mass production and for prototypes? What parameters are checked in each test? How to check a PCB without ...

JTAG has its place but it is not by any means the total solution. Boundary scan, as standardized by IEEE 1149.1 and commonly referred to as JTAG, has truly revolutionized the testability of circuit ...