Branching processes in random environments constitute a significant class of stochastic models designed to capture the interplay between intrinsic reproductive dynamics and extrinsic environmental ...

Random walks constitute a foundational concept in probability theory, describing the seemingly erratic movement of particles or agents as they traverse a space in a series of stochastic steps. In many ...

Tiny particles like pollen grains move constantly, pushed and pulled by environmental forces. To study this motion, physicists use a “random walk” model — a system in which every step is determined by ...

In Raiders of the Lost Ark, Indiana Jones must find a secret chamber that contains the legendary Ark of the Covenant. To identify its exact location, Indy must uncover a special map that’s only ...