When businesses give autonomy and power to each of their divisions and departments, the result is differentiation, in which each section develops its own cultures and methods. When a company brings ...

What Is Backward Integration? Backward integration, on the other hand, occurs when a company expands backward (or “upstream”) to take control of production further back in its supply chain. An example ...

A vertically integrated business refers to a business that has expanded into different steps along production, manufacturing, and supply. In other words, a vertically integrated business controls some ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Khadija Khartit is a strategy, investment, ...